Liquid-heating apparatus.



H. JUNKERS. LIQUID HEATING APPARATUS. APPLICATION, FILED JULY 2. 1913.

1,, 14mm Patented July 27, 1915.

nueo runners, on Ix-LA-cHArnLLn, GERMANY. LIQUID-HEATING- APPARATUS.

Mamet.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2?, 1915.

Application filed July 2,1918. Serial No. 777,084..

' To all whom .it may concern:

upon the devices the heater. Also,

- cook or faucet. consists of a burner,

Be it known that I, HUGO JUNKnRs, a citizen of the German Empire,residing at N o. 68 Bismarckstrasse, Aix-la-Chapelle, in the Kingdom ofPrussia, Empire of Germany, haveinvented certain new and usefulImprovements in and Relating to Liquid-Heats mg Apparatus; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact de scriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to liquid heaters for use in households adaptedto be supported on a wall above the floor, and to supply heated Waterwhen the flow of water through theheater is permitted by opening asuitable Such a liquid heater usually acombustion chamber extendingupwardly from the burner, a liquid chamber surrounding the combustionchamber, and pipes leading to and from the liquid chamber, the wholebeing arranged to be mounted upon a wall a distance above the floor. Theopening of a faucet permits water to flow into, through and from thewater chamber of the heater, and the water is heated during its passagethrough the heater. Such a household heater should possess amplestrength to guard against external indentation and to withstand theinternal pressure without leakage, its construction should require theminimum amount of material, it should have a large heating capacity, itshould be so constructed as to reduce radiation of heat as much aspossible, and it should be of minimum size and weight. Recognition ofthese requirements has led to the construction of heaters of thischaracter in a circular form. This shape, however, is objectionable inthat when the heater is mounted upon a Wall the center of gravity of theheater is'located at an objectionablygreat distance from the that there1s a substantial leverage employed for suspending the heater soconstructed occupies more space than is desirable. Because of thedisadvantages characteristic of such circular heaters, to make householdheaters in-a rectangular form. Such a rectangular heater, however, wouldhave a smaller efficiency compared to its size, and would require theuse of internal stiffening or bracing devices. It is to be noted,also,'that with both the circular and wall, so

swing latera have found that by the employment of a I it has beenproposed the rectangular forms of household heaters adapted to bemounted upon always the possibility that'the heater will 1y on itssuspension device.

special construction in household heaters of the character mentioned,the objectionable characteristics of both circular and rectangularheaters may be eliminated and their advantages together with not ossesseby either of the other two devices. P d The improved constructioninvolves the prov1s1on of a heater of substantially greater width thandepth, having .the rear wall thereof concave and having the corners atthe lateral edges of the rear and front walls rounded. In this way, thecenter of gravity of the heater is brought in close to the wall, thoughthe the heater remains the same, lateral swinging of the heater isprevented by contact of the edge portions thereof with the wall,radiation of heat to the wall is reduced to a negligible amount becausethe area of con-- size and capacity of a wall, there is v I haveillustrated certain embodiments of my invention in th ings, in which-Figure l is a front view of the heater; 'Fig'. 2 is a vertical sectionthereof; Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are horizontal cross-sections lllustratingthree forms in which the invention may be embodied, Fig. 7 is asectional detail view illustrating a further modification; and Fig. is aperspective view broken away in part lllustrating another modifiedconstructlon.

Referring to the drawings, the heater is shown in elevation in Fig. 1.At the bottom thereof is a burner supplied with gas through a suitableconduit. Directly over the burner 4 is a vertically disposed chamberthrough which the heated air rises. This chamber is completely inclosedby a water chamber 1 and pipes 2 and 3 leading the water to and from thewater chamber 1. Within the chamber for the heated air any suitablemeans may be provided for facilitating the transmission of heat risingfrom the burner to the interior wall of the water chamber 1 and theliquid therein. In Fig.

e accompanying draw g v g 1 1,147,734.

2 a hood is shown at 5 mounted within the upper end of the chamber abovethe burner 4, this being constructed to provide passages 6 adjacent tothe walls of the water chamber through which the heated air must pass.

The relation of the width of the heater to its depth and the shape givento the walls ,of the heater are of great importance. As

will be seen from Figs. 1 and 2 the heater is of substantially greaterwidth than depth,

' the width being preferably about double or waterchamber '16, pieces ofthin sheet metal folded'back a'nd'forth upon themselves are provided, asshown at 17 to facilitate the transmission of heat to the water chamber.

As shown in Fig. 4, the front wall of the heater is convex and the rearwall is con-f cave, the heater is ofsubstantially greateri width thandepth, and the corners at the lat-f eral edges of the front and rearWalls are rounded. The concavity of the rear wall of the heater providesa space 10 between the rear wall and the surface of the wall 1 1 onwhich the heater is mounted. This space may be occupied in part by pipes15 supplying gas or water to the heater. In Fig. 5 the construction issimilar in many respects to that of Fig. I, the cross-sectional shape ofthe heater being slightly different. In Fig. 6 a construction closelysimilar 'to that shown in Fig. I is illustrated, the exterior wall ofthe water chamber being flexed toincrease its area.

I n the detail view of Fig. 7, both the interior and the exterior wallsof the water chamber 21 are shown as fluted, and the interior .wall hasa plurality of folded sheet metal strips secured thereto.

In. Fig. 8 a construction of the water chamber is shown differingsomewhat from that'shown in the other figures. Instead of the waterchamber being a narrow chamber conforming to the shape of the heater, itis shown in Fig. 8 as consisting of a plurality of parallel pipes 24extending between upper and lower endless pipes, the connections to andfrom the upper and lower pipes being shown at 25 and 26. The waterchamber thus formed surrounds a wall 23 of sheet metal forming a chamberat the bottom of which the burner 22 is located.

In 'all of the forms of the heater herein illustrated, it will be seenthat the heater is of substantially greater width than depth.

As a result of this, when the heater is mounted upon a wall, as isindicated 1n Figs. 2 and 4, the center of gravity of the heater liesnear to the wall, much closer than it would be in the case of a heaterof 79 similar capacity of. round or square crosssection. Because ofthis, the strain on the suspension means for the heater is greatlyreduced. Also, in all of the forms of heaters illustrated, the rear wallis made concave, so that. when the heater is mounted upon awall it is incontact with the wall over avery small area, as a result of whichtransmission of heat to the wall takes place to only a very smallextent. Also, this shape 80 of the rear wall results in contact of theheater with the wall at two points ad acent tothe side edges of theheater, so that swinging of the heater on its suspension de- ]vice isprecluded. Furthermore, in all of the forms of heaters illustrated, thecorners at the lateral edges of the front and rear walls are rounded tosuch extent as to permit of forming thevexterior wall of the heater froma single piece of sheet metal by bending the sheet to the shape desiredfor the cross-section of the heater, and the use of a skeleton. frame orother bracing device within the water chamber is rendered unnecessary. 95

I claim:

A household heater, comprising the com- -'bination of a burner,-acombustion chamber 1 extending upward therefrom formed by a verticallydisposed, wall which is endless in a horizontal direction, a waterchamber completely surrounding the combustion chamber, and pipes forleading water to and from the water chamber, said heater being ofsubstantially greater width than depth,

the rear wall thereof being concave and the corners of the heater at thelateral edges of the rear and front Wallsthereof being rounded;substantially as described.

In testimony thereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of I two subscribing witnesses,

HUGO J UN'KERS. Witnesses: 7 4

EMI L WERGIEN, HERMANN FISCHER.

